
DATE=5/28/98 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-232968 TITLE=PAKISTAN / INDIA SANCTIONS (L-0NLY) BYLINE=BARRY WOOD DATELINE=WASHINGTON CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: U-S OFFICIALS ARE PREPARING TO IMPOSE ECONOMIC SANCTIONS AGAINST PAKISTAN -- AS CALLED FOR IN U-S LAW -- IN RETALIATION FOR PAKISTAN'S DETONATION OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS. V-O-A'S BARRY WOOD REPORTS THE SANCTIONS ARE LIKELY TO COST PAKISTAN BILLIONS OF DOLLARS IN AID AND ARE SIMILAR TO SANCTIONS IMPOSED EARLIER THIS MONTH AGAINST INDIA. TEXT: INITIAL ESTIMATES ARE THAT SANCTIONS AGAINST PAKISTAN COULD BE WORTH AS MUCH AS THREE BILLION DOLLARS OVER THE NEXT 12 MONTHS. THAT IS A SMALLER FIGURE THAN THE SANCTIONS COST TO INDIA, BUT SINCE PAKISTAN IS A MUCH SMALLER ECONOMY -- THE SANCTIONS IMPACT IS LIKELY TO BE GREATER. UNLIKE INDIA, PAKISTAN IS BORROWING FROM THE INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. NEARLY ONE BILLION DOLLARS REMAINS IN A LINE OF CREDIT APPROVED SEVERAL MONTHS AGO. AN I-M-F SPOKESMAN SAYS THERE WILL BE DETAILED REVIEWS PRIOR TO PAKISTAN MAKING ANY FUTURE DRAWING. HE SAYS I-M-F OFFICIALS WILL BE LOOKING TO SEE IF THE COST OF NUCLEAR TESTS VIOLATED COMMITMENTS TO HOLD DOWN GOVERNMENT SPENDING. UNDER U-S LAW, THE UNITED STATES WILL BE OBLIGATED TO OPPOSE NEW LENDING TO PAKISTAN FROM INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS. WHILE THE U-S DOES NOT HAVE A VETO ON I-M-F LENDING PROGRAMS, IT IS THE BIGGEST SHAREHOLDER IN THE ORGANIZATION CONTROLLING 18 PERCENT OF THE VOTES. EXPERTS SAY, AS WITH THE WORLD BANK, I-M-F LENDING TO PAKISTAN IS UNLIKELY TO GO FORWARD WITHOUT U-S SUPPORT. PAKISTAN, LIKE INDIA, IS A MAJOR BORROWER FROM THE WORLD BANK, WHICH THIS WEEK INDEFINITELY POSTPONED 800 MILLION DOLLARS OF NEW LENDING TO INDIA. INDIA HAD HOPED TO BORROW THREE BILLION DOLLARS FROM THE WORLD BANK THIS YEAR. PAKISTAN WAS SEEKING ABOUT 750 MILLION DOLLARS FROM THE WORLD BANK. THOSE LOANS ARE UNLIKELY TO GO FORWARD. WHILE WESTERN EUROPE AND RUSSIA HAVE FAILED TO IMPOSE ECONOMIC SANCTIONS ON INDIA, JAPAN HAS AND IS LIKELY TO DO THE SAME WITH PAKISTAN. JAPAN IS THE LARGEST SOURCE OF BILATERAL AID TO PAKISTAN WITH LENDING WORTH NEARLY ONE HALF BILLION DOLLARS. THE INDIAN CURRENCY WEAKENED TO A RECORD LOW AGAINST THE DOLLAR AFTER ITS NUCLEAR TESTING EARLIER THIS MONTH. THE PAKISTAN CURRENCY IS EQUALLY VULNERABLE, AS PAKISTAN HAS A MUCH HEAVIER FOREIGN DEBT BURDEN THAN INDIA. FINANCIAL ANALYSTS SAY BOTH COUNTRIES WERE UNDETERRED BY THE THREAT OF SANCTIONS, REGARDING NATIONAL SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS AS FAR MORE IMPORTANT. (SIGNED) NEB/BDW/JO 28-May-98 6:44 PM EDT (2244 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America .