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Export Controls

Provisions
Export controls are intended to serve the national security, foreign policy, and nonproliferation interests of the United States. These include controls designed to stem the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and controls designed to limit the military and terrorism support capability of certain countries. The effectiveness of many of export controls is enhanced by their being maintained as part of multilateral control arrangements. Multilateral export control cooperation is sought through arrangements such as the the Wassenaar Arrangement, Nuclear Suppliers Group, the Australia Group, and the Missile Technology Control Regime. Under Article 41 of the UN Charter, the Security Council may call upon Member States to apply measures not involving the use of armed force in order to maintain or restore international peace and security.

Status
President Clinton's September 1993 Nonproliferation Initiative set specific US policy objectives for harmonizing domestic and multilateral export controls and maximizing the effectiveness of those controls. The Export Administration Act (EAA) of 1969 took effect on January 1, 1970, and lapsed on August 20, 1994. The Department of Commerce is currently acting under the authority conferred by Executive Order No. 12924 of August 19, 1994. The Security Council has invoked Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter to impose sanctions in twelve cases: Southern Rhodesia, South Africa, former Yugoslavia, Iraq, Somalia, Libya, Liberia, Haiti, Angola, Rwanda, Sudan and Sierra Leone. In the case of Southern Rhodesia, South Africa, Haiti, and former Yugoslavia, sanctions have been fully lifted.

Chronology
A chronological listing of major events and developoments.

Documents
Chronological archive of primary documents, including treaty text and associated memoranda, statements and other related material, such sa official factsheets, announcements, briefings and speeches.

News
Chronological archive of news reports, commentary analysis and other related material.

Related Resources

International Export Control Regimes
Export Control Target Countries



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