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Appendix 5 - Definition of Terms, P - S
Cat 5 "PABX" - see "Private automatic branch exchange".
Cat 6 "Peak power"
Energy per pulse in joules divided by the pulse duration in seconds.
Cat 5 "Personalized smart card"
A smart card containing a microcircuit, in accordance with ISO/IEC 7816, which has been programmed by the issuer and cannot be changed by the user.
Cat 7 "Power management"
Changing the transmitted power of the altimeter signal so that received power at the "aircraft" altitude is always at the minimum necessary to determine the altitude.
ML 8 "Precursors"
Specialty chemicals used in the manufacture of militazy explosives.
Cat 1 "Previously separated"
The application of any process intended to incraase the concentration of the controlled isotope.
Cat 7 "Primary Flight Control"
"Aircraft" stability or manoeuvering control using forcelmoment generators, i.e. aerodynamic control surfaces or propulsive thrust vectoring.
Cat 4 "Principal element"
An element is a "principal element" when its replacement value is more than 35% of the total value of the system of which it is an element. Element value is the price paid for the element by the manufacturer of the system, or by the system integrator. Total value is the normal international selling price to unrelated parties at the point of manufacture or consolidation of shipment.
Cat 5 "Private automatic branch exchange" ("PABX")
An automatic telephone exchange, typically incorporating a position for an attendant, designed to provide access to the public network and serving extensions in an institution such as a business, government, public service or similar organisation.
ML 18 "Production"
Includes design, examination, manufacture, testing and checking.
GTN "Production"
Means all production stages, such as: product engineering, manufacture, integration, assembly (mounting), inspection, testing, quality assurance.
Cat 2
Cat 4
Cat 5
"Programme"
A sequence of instructions to carry out a process in, or convertible into, a form executable by an electronic computer.
Cat 6 "Pulse compression"
The coding and processing of a radar signal pulse of long time duration to one of short time duration, while maintaining the benefits of high pulse energy.
Cat 6 "Pulse duration"
Duration of a "laser" pulse measured at Full Width Half Intensity (FWHI) levels.
Cat 6 "Q-switched laser"
A "laser" in which the energy is stored in the population inversion or in the optical resonator and subsequendy emitted in a pulse.
Cat 6 "Radar frequency agility"
Any technique which changes, in a pseudo-random sequence, the carrier frequency of a pulsed radar transmitter between pulses or between groups of pulses by an amount equal to or larger than the pulse bandwidth.
Cat 6 "Radar spread spectrum"
My modulation technique for spreading energy originating from a signal with a relatively narrow frequency band, over a much wider band of frequencies, by using random or pseud-random coding.
Cat 3 "Real time bandwidth"
For "dynamic signal analysers", the widest frequency range which the analyser can output to display or mass storage without causing any discontinuity in the analysis of the input data. For analysers with more than one channel, the channel configuration yielding the widest "real-time bandwidth" shall be used to make the calculation.
Cat 2
Cat 4
"Real time processing"
The processing of data by a computer system providing a required level of service, as a function of available resources, within a guaranteed response time, regardless of the load of the system, when stimulated by an external event.
GTN "Required"
As applied to "technology", refers to only that portion of "technology" which is peculiarly responsible for achieving or exceeding the controlled performance levels, characteristics or functions. Such "required" "technology" may be shared by different products.
Cat 2 "Resolution"
The least increment of a measuring device; on digital instruments, the least significant bit. (Reference: ANSI B-89.1.12)
ML 7 "Riot control agents"
Substances which produce temporary irritating or disabling physical effects which disappear within minutes of removal from exposure. There is no significant risk of permanent injury and medical treatment is rarely required.
Cat 2
Cat 8
ML 17
"Robot"
A manipulation mechanism, which may be of the continuous path or of the point-to-point variety, may use sensors, and has all the following characteristics:
  1. Is multifunctional;
  2. Is capable of positioning or orienting material, parts, tools or special devices through variable movements in three dimensional space;
  3. Incorporates three or more closed or open loop servo-devices which may include stepping motors; and
  4. Has "user-accessible programmability" by means of the teachiplayback method or by means of an electronic computer which may be a programmable logic controller, i.e., without mechanical intervention.
    N.B. - The above definition does not include the following devices:
    1. Manipulation mechanisms which are only manuallylteleoperator controllable;
    2. Fixed sequence manipulation mechanisms which are automated moving devices, operating according to mechanically fixed programmed motions. The programme is mechanically limited by fixed stops, such as pins or cams. The sequence of motions and the selection of paths or angles are not variable or changeable by mechanical, electronic or electrical means;
    3. Mechanically controlled variable sequence manipulation mechanisms which are automated moving devices, operating according to mechanically fixed programmed motions. The programme is mechanically limited by fixed, but adjustable stops, such as pins or cams. The sequence of motions and the selection of paths or angles are variable within the fixed programme pattern. Variations or modifications of the programme pattern (e.g., changes of pins or exchanges of cams) in one or more motion axes are accomplished only through mechanical operations;
    4. Non-servo-controlled variable sequence manipulation mechanisms which are automated moving devices, operating according to mechanically fixed programmed motions. The programme is variable but the sequence proceeds only by the binary signal from mechanically fixed electrical binary devices or adjustable stops;
    5. Stacker cranes defined as Cartesian coordinate manipulator systems manufactured as an integral part of a vertical array of storage bins and designed to access the contents of those bins for storage or retrieval.
Cat 1

"Rotary Atomisation"

A process to reduce a stream or pool of molten metal to droplets to a diameter of 500 µm or less by centrifugal force.
Cat 2 "Run out" (out-of-true running)
Radial displacement in one revolution of the main spindle measured in a plane perpendicular to the spindle axis at a point on the external or internal revolving surface to be tested (Reference: ISO 230/1-1986, paragraph 5.61).
Cat 7 "Scale factor" (gyro or accelerometer)
The ratio of change in output to a change in the input intended to be measured. Scale factor is generally evaluated as the slope of the straight line that can be fitted by the method of least squares to input-output data obtained by varying the input cyclically over the input range.
SL Cat 6 "Scanning Arrays"
"Scanning Arrays" are defined as "focal plane arrays" designed for use with a scanning optical system that images a scene in a sequential manner to produce an image.
Cat 5 "SDH" - see "Synchronous digital hierarchy"
Cat 3 "Settling time"
The time required for the output to come within one-half bit of the final value when switching between any two levels of the converter.
Cat 6 "SHPL" - see "Super High Power Laser"
Cat 3 "Signal analysers"
Apparatus capable of measuring and displaying basic properties of the single-frequency components of multi-frequency signals.
Cat 3 "Signal analysers" (dynamic) - see "Dynamic signal analysers"
Cat 3
Cat 4
Cat 5
"Signal processing" The processing of externally derived information-bearing signals by algorithms such as time compression, filtering, extraction, selection, correlation, convolution or transformations between domains (e.g., fast Fourier transform or Walsh transform).
Both Lists "Software"
A collection of one or more "programmes" or "microprogrammes" fixed in any tangible medium of expression.
Cat 5 "SONET" - see "Synchronous optical network"
Cat 4 "Source code" (or source language)
A convenient expression of one or more processes which may be turned by a programming system into equipment executable form ("object code" (or object language)).
Cat 7
Cat 9
"Spacecraft"
Active and passive satellites and space probes.
Cat 3
Cat 6
ML 23
"Space qualified"
Products designed, manufactured and tested to meet the special electrical, mechanical or environmental requirements for use in the launch and deployment of satellites or high altitude flight systems operating at altitudes of 100 km or higher.
Cat 5
"Spectral efficiency"
A figure of merit parametrized to characterize the efficiency of transmission system which uses complex modulation schemes such as QAM, Trellis coding, QSPK (Q-phased shift key), etc. It is defined as follows:

"Spectral efficency" = \F("Digita1 transfer rate"(bits/second);6 dB spectrum bandwidth (Hz))
Cat 1 "Splat Quenching"
A process to "solidify rapidly" a molten metal stream impinging upon a chilled block, forming a flake-like product.
N.B. - "Solidify rapidly": solidification of molten material at cooling rates exceeding 1,000 K/sec.
Cat 5 "Spread spectrum"
The technique whereby energy in a relatively narrow-band communication channel is spread over a much wider energy spectrum.
Cat 6 "Spread spectrum" radar - see "Radar spread spectrum"
Cat 4 "Sputtering"
An overlay coating process wherein positively charged ions are accelerated by an electric field towards the surface of a target (coating material). The kinetic energy of the impacting ions is sufficient to cause target surface atoms to be released and deposited on the substrate.
N.B. - Triode, magnetron or radio frequency sputtering to increase adhesion of coating and rate of deposition are ordinary modifications of the process.
Cat 7 "Stability"
Standard deviation (1 sigma) of the variation of a particular parameter from its calibrated value measured under stable temperature conditions. This can be expressed as a function of time.
SL Cat 6 "Staring Arrays"
"Staring Arrays" are defined as "focal plane arrays" designed for use with a non-scanning optical system that images a scene.
Cat 2
Cat 3
Cat 5
"Stored programme controlled"
A control using instructions stored in an electronic storage which a processor can execute in order to direct the performance of predetermined functions.
N.B. - Equipment may be "stored programme controlled" whether the electronic storage is internal or external to the equipment.
Cat 3 "Substrate"
A sheet of base material with or without an interconnection pattern and on which or within which "discrete components" or integrated circuits or both can be located.
N.B. - "Discrete component": a separately packaged "circuit element" with its own external connections.
Cat 6 "Substrate blanks"
Monolithic compounds with dimensions suitable for the production of optical elements such as mirrors or optical windows.
Cat 2 "Superalloys"
Nickel-, cobalt- or iron-base alloys having strengths superior to any alloys in the MSI 300 series at temperatures over 922 K (6490C) under severe environmental and operating conditions.
Cat 1
Cat 3
Cat 6
Cat 8
ML 18
ML 20
"Superconductive"
Refers to materials, i.e., metals, alloys or compounds, which can lose all electrical resistance, i.e., which can attain infinite electrical conductivity and carry very large electrical currents without Joule heating.
N.B. - The "superconductive" state of a material is individually characterised by a "critical temperature", a critical magnetic field, which is a function of temperature, and a critical current density which is, however, a function of both magnetic field and temperature.
Cat 6 "Super High Power Laser" ("SHPL")
A "laser" capable of delivering (the total or any portion of) the output energy exceeding 1 kJ within 50 ms or having an average or CW power exceeding 20 kW.
Cat 1
Cat 2
"Superplastic forming"
A deformation process using heat for metals that are normally characterised by low values of elongation (less than 20%) at the breaking point as determined at room temperature by conventional tensile strength testing, in order to achieve elongations during processing which are at least 2 times those values.
Cat 5 "Switch fabric"
That hardware and associated "software" which provides the physical or virtual connection path for in-transit message traffic being switched.
Cat 5 "Synchronous digital hierarchy" ("SDH")
A digital hierarchy providing a means to manage, multiplex and access various forms of digital traffic using a synchronous transmission format on different types of mediL The format is based on the Synchronous Transport Module (STM) which is defined by CCITT Recommendation G.703, G.707, G.708, G.709 and others yet to published. The first level rate of "SDH" is 155.52 Mbit/s.
Cat 5 "Synchronous optical network" ("SONET")
A network providing a means to manage, multiplex and access various forms of digital traffic using a synchronous transmission format on fibre optics. The format is the North America version of "SDH" and also uses the Synchronous Transport Module (STM). However, it uses the Synchronous Transport Signal (STS) as the basic transport module with a first level rate of 51.81 Mbitls. (The "SONET" standards are being integrated into those of "SDH").
Cat 6 "Systems tracks"
Processed, correlated (fusion of radar target data to flight plan position) and updated aircraft flight position report available to the Air Traffic Control centre controllers.
Cat 4 "Systolic array computer"
A computer where the flow and modification of the data is dynamically controllable at the logic gate level by the user.

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