FORMER PAKISTANI LEADER RAISES SERIOUS QUESTIONS ABOUT NARCOTERRORISM BY PAKISTAN -- (Extension of Remarks - September 23, 1994)

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HON. THOMAS J. MANTON

in the House of Representatives

FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 1994

[FROM THE WASHINGTON POST, SEPT. 12, 1994]

(BY JOHN WARD ANDERSON AND KAMRAN KHAN)

Karachi, Pakistan.--Pakistan's army chief and the head of its intelligence agency proposed a detailed `blueprint' for selling heroin to pay for the country's covert military operations in early 1991, according to former prime minister, Nawaz Sharif.

In an interview, Sharif claimed that three months after his election as prime minister in November 1990, Gen. Aslam Beg, then army chief of staff, and Gen. Asad Durrani, then head of the military's Inter-Services Intelligence bureau (ISI), told him the armed forces needed more money for covert foreign operations and wanted to raise it through large-scale drug deals.

`General Durrani told me, `We have a blueprint ready for your approval,' said Sharif, who lost to Benazir Bhutto in elections last October, and is now leader of the opposition in parliament.

`I was totally flabbergasted,' Sharif said, adding that he called Beg a few days later to order the army officially not to launch the drug trafficking plan.

Beg, who retired in August 1991, denied Sharif's allegation, saying, `We have never been so irresponsible at any stage. Our politicians, when they're not in office and in the opposition, they say so many things. There's just no truth to it.'

Durrani, now Pakistan's ambassador to Germany, said: `This is a preposterous thing for a former prime minister to say. I know nothing about it. We never ever talked on this subject at all.'

Brig. Gen. S.M.A. Iqbal, a spokesman for the armed forces, said, `It's inconceivable and highly derogatory; such a thing could not happen.'

The interview with Sharif, conducted at his home in Lahore in May, was part of a broad investigation into narcotics trafficking in Pakistan. It marked the first time a senior Pakistani official has publicly accused the country's military of having contingency plans to pay for covert operations through drug smuggling.

Officials with the U.S. State Department and the Drug Enforcement Administration said they have no evidence that Pakistan's military is or
ever has been involved in drug trafficking. But U.S. and other officials have often complained about the country's weak efforts to curtail the spread of guns, money laundering, official corruption and other elements of the deep-rooted drug culture in Pakistan, which along with Afghanistan and Iran lies along the so-called Golden Crescent, one of the world's biggest drug-producing regions.

In a scathing report two years ago, a consultant hired by the CIA warned that drug corruption had permeated virtually all segments of Pakistani society and that drug kingpins were closely connected to the country's key institutions of power, including the president and military intelligence agencies.

About 70 tons of heroin is produced annually in Pakistan, a third of which is smuggled abroad, mostly to the West, according to the State Department's 1994 report on international drug trafficking. About 20 percent of all heroin consumed in the United States comes from Pakistan and its northern neighbor, Afghanistan, the second largest opium producer in the world after Burma. The United Nations says that as much as 80 percent of the heroin in Europe comes from the region.

It has been rumored for years that Pakistan's military has been involved in the drug trade. Pakistan's army, and particularly its intelligence agency--the equivalent of the CIA--is immensely powerful and is known for pursuing its own agenda. Over the years, civilian political leaders have accused the military--which has run Pakistan for more than half its 47 years of independence--of developing the country's nuclear technology and arming insurgents in India and other countries without their knowledge or approval and sometimes in direct violation of civilian orders. Historically, the army's chief of staff has been the most powerful person in the country.

According to military sources, the intelligence agency has been pinched for funds since the war in Afghanistan ended in 1989 and foreign governments--chiefly the United States--stopped funneling money and arms through the ISI to Afghan mujaheddin guerrillas fighting the Soviet-backed Kabul government. Without the foreign funds, the sources said, it has been difficult for the agency to continue the same level of operations in other areas, including aiding militants fighting Indian troops across the border in Kashmir. Such operations are increasingly being financed through money raised by such private organizations as the Jamiat-i-Islami, a leading fundamentalist political party.

A Western diplomat who was based in Islamabad at the time of the purported meeting and who had occasional dealings with Beg and Durani, said, `It's not inconceivable that they could come up with a plan like this.'

`There were constant rumors that ISI was involved in rogue drug operations with the Afghans--not so


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