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Listeriosis is another zoonotic disease found worldwide. It is caused by a
rod-shaped bacterium that is found in gastrointestinal tracts, soil and
decaying plants such as silage, and can be transmitted through food such as
milk, cheese and fresh fruit and vegetables. In its most acute form it can
cause encephalitis or meningoencephalitis. At least 42 species of domestic
and wild animals, 22 species of birds and humans are known to be
susceptible. Infected animals typically fall down and cannot get up. In
foxes the disease is sometimes mistaken for rabies. Beneficial effects of
vaccination have not been conclusively demonstrated. Treatment involves
massive doses of penicillin and other antibiotics.
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